Overview
Ageing is the progressive, universal decline in functional reserve followed by a decline in overall bodily function over time. Older adults are more susceptible to age-related diseases that are uncommon in younger individuals. Common geriatric disorders include high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, urinary incontinence, vascular dementia, and multiple sclerosis, among others.
Geriatric medicine focuses on diagnosing, preventing, and managing conditions that commonly affect older adults. Older patients managing chronic conditions benefit greatly from regular monitoring, home healthcare support, and guidance on lifestyle and nutrition.
Causes and Risk Factors
- Natural decline in organ and tissue function with age
- Accumulation of chronic medical conditions
- Lifestyle factors such as sedentary habits, poor diet, and lack of exercise
- Genetic predisposition
- Stress and social factors affecting mental and physical health
Common Geriatric Conditions
- High blood pressure
- Cardiovascular disease and ischemic heart disease
- Urinary incontinence
- Vascular dementia
- Multiple sclerosis
- Other age-related chronic illnesses
Preventive Measures and Supportive Care
- Healthy lifestyle and balanced diet
- Regular physical activity, yoga, and Atmavidya (mind-body practices)
- Frequent monitoring and contact with healthcare professionals
- Home healthcare support for chronic conditions
- Health education for patients and caregivers
Ayurvedic Perspective
Ayurveda emphasizes preventive geriatrics to slow ageing and enhance quality of life. Ageing-related treatments focus on restoring balance in mind, body, and doshas.
Ayurvedic Treatment Approaches
- Preventive Geriatrics: Measures to maintain health and prevent disease progression
- Rehabilitation (Punarbhava Chikitsa): Restoring strength and function
- Satwavajaya Chikitsa: Mental health and cognitive well-being
- Yuktivyapasraya Chikitsa: Rational, medicine-based treatments
- Daivavyapasraya Chikitsa: Spiritual and divine therapy approaches
- Vajeekarana Therapy: Reproductive and vitality-enhancing treatment
- Panchakarma: Detoxification and rejuvenation therapies
- Rasayana Therapy: Rejuvenation, longevity, and immunity enhancement
Supportive Lifestyle Measures
- Regular exercise and yoga
- Balanced, age-appropriate diet
- Stress management and mental health care
- Health education for disease prevention
- Regular follow-up and preventive screening
